This is where the high spin polarization inherent to these magnetic materials is used to transfer spin polarized carriers into a non-magnetic material.

The Inverse Spin Hall Effect, an electrical current induced by a spin flow due to a space-dependent spin polarization, was first observed in 1984.

It is mostly used to measure the spin polarization of an electron beam.

Contact shifts result from spin polarization conveyed through the molecular orbitals of the molecule.

The TMR effect was explained by Jullière with the spin polarizations of the ferromagnetic electrodes.

The relative resistance change is now given by the spin polarizations of the two ferromagnets, P and P:

It is obvious that the TMR becomes infinite if P and P equal 1, i.e. if both electrodes have 100% spin polarization.

Hyperpolarization is the nuclear spin polarization of a material far beyond thermal equilibrium conditions.

However, nuclear spins on solid surfaces can be selectively polarized, by transferrering spin polarization to them from hyperpolarized xenon gas.

This property can be used to induce spin polarization in conventional semiconductors by purely electric means.