The largest section of the urban population was the urban poor of semi-skilled workers and the unemployed.

The industrial relations problems continued, as Leyland sought to replace the skilled staff, who had left, with semi-skilled workers.

Low- or semi-skilled workers were hit hardest by the labor market restructuring of the 1970s and 1980s.

Many industries, like construction, have been badly hurt by a shortage of unskilled and semi-skilled workers.

That effort failed because the new machines could be operated by semi-skilled workers and produce more shoes than hand sewing.

According to the 1963 Robbins report, only 1% of the children of semi-skilled or unskilled workers went on to higher education.

That has left bleak prospects for unskilled and semi-skilled workers.

A large proportion of the Indian expatriates are unskilled and semi-skilled workers.

Among unskilled and semi-skilled workers, the numbers are: 27 whites and 5,196 blacks.

It allowed American companies to provide large numbers of jobs to semi-skilled workers through supply-chain management, hierarchies, and rule-based systems.