From those photographs, Ms. Yuskavage made sculptures and drawings and oil studies before painting.

It seems possible that Seurat completed his first small oil study in this preparatory phase for the painting of the Bathers as early as 1882.

Constable's preparation for "The Leaping Horse" (1824-25) is in turn illustrated by two small crayon studies and one full-size oil study.

A Sotheby's statement which claimed that the painting, a small early oil study of plants, was worth £100,000 raised eyebrows.

At one point the adult held both the sheet and the tiller, a position initially adapted from an oil study of 1874 titled The Flirt.

In the small oil studies scattered through the show, there are gestural touches of real freshness.

The show brings together a number of his oil studies on paper, which often have a touch of intimacy and spontaneity that the finished Western paintings lack.

This collection contains 7 oil paintings, 2 oil studies, 362 drawings, 30 prints, 10 autograph letters and additional manuscripts and printed matter.

An oil study for The Sorceress (c. 1911, 61x51cm, in a private collection) shows a model with dark brown hair.

A selection of Church's watercolors and oil studies interspersed among the photographs sets up some extremely telling comparisons.