In poor neighborhoods, children with trauma symptoms are often classified as emotionally disturbed and are treated by special education placements rather than by counseling.

Students may take part in internships or co-operative education placements where they learn by working alongside staff in a nonprofit workplace.

WAYNE Workshop on using inclusion methods to reduce out-of-district special education placements.

Since the state began tracking the disproportions in 2002, the disparities in special education placement among different racial and ethnic groups have decreased in many school districts.

The education department tracks the number and type of special education placements throughout the state and red-flags districts where a statistical analysis indicates a problem.

Although studies typically find that increases in IQ fade out over time, many other studies also find decreases in grade retention and special education placements.

Some of their services include help with resume creation, job and housing searches, education placement, and enrollment in public benefits programs.

These factors include absenteeism, grade retention, special education placement, low performance and grades, and low educational expectations.

"These special education placements might reflect the fact that after students were retained, teachers did identify undiagnosed learning disabilities," the report says.

State officials contend that some special education placements are filling day care needs.