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This polymerization is carried out through a carbanion active species.
The stability and reactivity of a carbanion is determined by several factors.
The reaction process begins when a strong base is used to form a carbanion at the halogenated position.
This intermediate compound is then converted to the carbanion by a second equivalent of base.
Add two electrons to a carbenium ion, and you have a carbanion.
Formally, a carbanion is the conjugate base of a carbon acid.
Thus, the transition state moves towards the reactants and away from the carbanion intermediate.
A carbanion is one of several reactive intermediates in organic chemistry.
The intermediate in this reaction is an aryl carbanion.
Lysine 289 is thought to stabilize the negatively charged carbanion intermediate.
Carbocation rearrangements are more common than the carbanion or radical counterparts.
The carbanion formation step is irreversible, and should thus be classified as E1cB.
The partially positive regions in the active site may also help stabilize the charge of a carbanion intermediate.
The molecule reacts like a carbanion, as is represented by these two resonance structures.
This is then used to alkylate the carbanion from the substituted acetoacetate.
A better leaving group increases the energy of the reactants and of the carbanion intermediate.
The reaction is unique from other forms of E1cB since it does not require a base to generate the carbanion.
The carbanion proceeds in an elimination reaction to create the carbon-carbon double bond.
These compounds can be envisioned as iminium cations placed next to a carbanion.
A strong base abstracts the α proton generating a carbanion.
The nucleophile can also be the carbanion of a β-dicarbonyl compound:
The carbanion then quickly recombines with the electrophile.
The formation of the trans isomer would have indicated that the intermediate carbanion was unstable.
Current consensus suggests that the mechanism proceeds through a stabilized carbanion at the C6 after loss of carbon dioxide.
Like methyllithium, it is the synthetic equivalent to the methyl carbanion synthon.
