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The plant used to be economically significant as the major host plant of the Polish cochineal.
Monograph on the Polish cochineal.
He is best known for his work on the Polish cochineal (Porphyrophora polonica), an insect formerly used in production of red dye.
Besides grain, other seaborne exports included carminic acid from Polish cochineal, lumber and wood-related products such as ash, and tar.
The scale insect genus Porphyrophora is a large group in the family Margarodidae, which includes the insect known as Polish cochineal.
Members of the family include Polish cochineal (genus Porphyrophora) and ground pearls (genus Margarodes).
Some, such as the cochineal, Polish cochineal, and kermes yield red dyes used in foods and in dyeing fabrics.
Antoni Władysław Jakubski Czerwiec polski "Polish cochineal".
Carminic acid (CHO) is a red glucosidal hydroxyanthrapurin that occurs naturally in some scale insects, such as the cochineal and the Polish cochineal.
Polish Cochineal ('Porphyrophora polonica'), in former times commercially important in crimson dye production, is a notable parasitism of cinquefoils on sandy soils of Eastern Europe and western Asia.
For those with even more money there was Polish Cochineal; also known as Kermes vermilio or "Blood of Saint John", which was made from a related insect, the Margodes polonicus.
Carmine became strong competition for other colourants such as madder root, kermes, Polish cochineal, brazilwood, and Tyrian purple, as they were used for dyeing the clothes of kings, nobles and the clergy.
It could be obtained from the domestically harvested Polish cochineal, although imported alternatives were also available: kermes from the Mediterranean Basin (hence karmazyn, the Polish name of the color) and Mexican cochineal after the discovery of the New World.
Similar dyes are extracted from the related insects Porphyrophora hamili of the Caucasus region, Coccus polonicus (Polish cochineal or Saint John's blood) of Eastern Europe, and the lac-producing insects of India, Southeast Asia, China, and Tibet.
The color carmine comes from the pigment carmine, which is a deep red color obtained from the carminic acid produced by some scale insects, such as the cochineal and the Polish cochineal, and is used as a general term for a particularly deep red color.
He is best known for his work on the Polish cochineal (Porphyrophora polonica), an insect formerly used in production of red dye.
Polish Cochineal (Porphyrophora polonica), in former times commercially important in crimson dye production, is a notable parasite of cinquefoils on sandy soils of Eastern Europe and western Asia.
Wörterbuch der Botanik