perforant pathway

The hippocampus is a structure which can readily be dissected out from the brain together with its input pathways, such as the perforant pathway.

The entorhinal cortex sends the main input to the dentate gyrus (perforant pathway).

The hippocampus, for instance, was critically important, especially the dentate gyrus region and the perforant pathway nerves that led to it.

An example of LTP in the perforant pathway recorded in vivo.

Lømo's experiments focused on connections, or synapses, from the perforant pathway to the dentate gyrus.

Unilateral perforant pathway transection is a method to study how transneuronal degeneration results from denervation in the Central Nervous System.

These experiments were carried out by stimulating presynaptic fibers of the perforant pathway and recording responses from a collection of postsynaptic cells of the dentate gyrus.

In rats, pyramidal and stellate cells in layer II of entorhinal cortex project through the subiculum of the hippocampus, giving rise to the name "perforant pathway".

Additionally, pyramidal cells in layer III of the entorhinal cortex send topographic projections along the perforant pathway which branch into the subiculum and CA1.

The perforant pathway is divided into the medial and lateral perforant paths, generated, respectively, at the medial and lateral portions of the entorhinal cortex.

As expected, a single pulse of electrical stimulation to fibers of the perforant pathway caused excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in cells of the dentate gyrus.

The major input to the dentate gyrus (the so-called perforant pathway) is from layer 2 of the entorhinal cortex, and the dentate gyrus receives no direct inputs from other cortical structures.

The EC projects to the dentate gyrus via the perforant pathway and by this means provides the critical input pathway in this area of the brain, linking the association cortices to the hippocampus.

In the brain, the perforant pathway provides a connectional route from the entorhinal cortex to all fields of the hippocampal formation, including the dentate gyrus, all CA fields (including CA1), and the subiculum.

They placed stimulating electrodes onto one of the nerves, known as the perforant pathway, and recording electrodes within a hippocampal region at which the nerves of the perforant pathway made synapses, the dentate gyrus (Figure 9.4).

Annette Dolphin, working with Tim Bliss, showed that, when the perforant pathway is stimulated in vivo, there is an increased release of glutamate in the hippocampus, and the biochemical mechanisms of this release were mapped in some detail by Marina Lynch.

When they then stimulated the perforant pathway with a train of electrical impulses, at the rate of 10-100 per second for up to 10 seconds, they found an extraordinarily long-lasting increase in the firing of the hippocampal neurons of the dentate gyrus, persisting for up to ten hours.

For the input to the hippocampus proper, the temporoammonic pathway arises in layer III cells of the entorhinal cortex but separates from the perforant pathway to contact the most distal branches of the pyramidal cells in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA1-CA3.

Like CA3, it receives input from superficial entorhinal cortex along the perforant pathway (note that some authors only consider the input to DG and CA3 to be the perforant pathway, referring to the input to CA1 as the temporoammonic pathway).