peliosis hepatis

Peliosis hepatis is often erroneously written "peliosis hepatitis", despite its not being one of the hepatitides.

Peliosis Hepatis is an uncommon vascular condition characterised by randomly distributed multiple blood-filled cavities throughout the liver.

Bacillary peliosis is a form of peliosis hepatis that has been associated with bacteria in the genus Bartonella.

Osteomyelitis is usually caused by B. quintana, and only B. henselae can cause bacillary peliosis hepatis.

Peliosis hepatis caused by B. henselae can occur alone or develop with cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis or bacteremia.

Bartonella henselae, formerly Rochalimæa, is a proteobacterium that can cause bacteremia, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, and peliosis hepatis.

Patients with peliosis hepatis present with gastrointestinal symptoms, fever, chills, and an enlarged liver and spleen containing blood-filled cavities.

Peliosis hepatis can be associated by peliosis of the spleen, as well as bacillary angiomatosis of the skin in HIV patients.

Bartonella species cause infections that include cat scratch disease, trench fever, relapsing bacteremia, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis (BA), and bacillary peliosis hepatis (506).

Bartonella cause diseases such as Carrión's disease, trench fever, cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, chronic bacteremia, endocarditis, chronic lymphadenopathy, and neurological disorders.

Bartonella henselae is the etiologic agent for peliosis hepatis, which is defined as a vascular proliferation of sinusoid hepatic capillaries resulting in blood-filled spaces in the liver.

Bartonella henselae can be associated with bacteremia, bacillary angiomatosis, and peliosis hepatis in HIV patients, and bacteremia and endocarditis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients.

Erythromycin and doxycycline have been used successfully to treat BA, peliosis hepatis, bacteremia, and osteomyelitis and are considered first-line treatment for bartonellosis, on the basis of reported experience in case series (AII) (506,507).

Mungan Z, Pinarbasi B, Bakir B, Gulluoglu M, Baran B, Akyuz F, Demir K, Kaymakoglu S. Congenital portal vein aneurysm associated with peliosis hepatis and intestinal lymphangiectasia.

Although no systematic clinical trials have been conducted, antibiotic treatment of bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis hepatis is recommended on the basis of reported experience in clinical case series because severe, progressive, and disseminated disease can occur, and without appropriate therapy, systemic spread can occur and involve virtually any organ (104,108).