optode
optrode

Or it can be measured with an optode in liquid media, usually water.

An oxygen optode is a sensor based on optical measurement of the oxygen concentration.

The researchers poked an oxygen-sensing optode into the spider's newly produced air bubble to see its reaction.

An optode or optrode is an optical sensor device that optically measures a specific substance usually with the aid of a chemical transducer.

The signal (fluorescence) to oxygen ratio is not linear, and an optode is most sensitive at low oxygen concentration.

The fluorescence of some ruthenium complexes is quenched by oxygen, which has led to their use as optode sensors for oxygen.

The optode sensors can however work in the whole region 0-100% oxygen saturation in water, and the calibration is done the same way as with the Clark type sensor.

An optode requires three components to function: a chemical that responds to an analyte, a polymer to immobilise the chemical transducer and instrumentation (optical fibre, light source, detector and other electronics).

Having already used an optode, a device to measure oxygen, to determine how aquatic insects extract oxygen from water through thin air bubbles stretched across their abdomens, Professor Seymour sought to test his optode on other small bubbles.

In this illustration, the "optrode" at left delivers blue light to the heart via a fiber-optic tip.

An attenuated total reflectance optrode sensor incorporating infrared-active carbonylmetal probe groups.

An optode or optrode is an optical sensor device that optically measures a specific substance usually with the aid of a chemical transducer.

The researchers, led by Associate Professor Marshall Porterfield, said their self-referencing optrode is non-invasive and has applications ranging from plant root development to assessing the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs.