mediastinal

Nearly half of lung cancers have mediastinal disease at diagnosis.

Second most common primary anterior mediastinal mass in adults.

It may likewise be present in the mediastinal extremities.

Mediastinal disease is present in about 75% of adolescents and young adults, and may be asymptomatic.

Patients may have evidence of invasion of contiguous mediastinal structures at presentation.

Mediastinoscopy provides access to mediastinal lymph node levels 2, 4, and 7.

It often presents as a mediastinal mass because of involvement of the thymus.

There is usually early involvement of the hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes.

None Mediastinal fibrosis is the least common, but the most severe, late complication of histoplasmosis.

There are numerous modalities which allow staging of mediastinal lymph nodes.

Mediastinal position is critical to this determination.

Most common primary anterior mediastinal tumor (20%) in adults but rarely seen in children.

Can also be primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma with exceptionally good prognosis.

Radiotherapy was, at most, only a limited option in view of the dose applied to the mediastinal area in 1973.

Accurate staging of the mediastinal lymph nodes provides important prognostic information.

The thoracic aorta is contained in the posterior mediastinal cavity.

Detection of pulmonary and mediastinal inflammation/infection, especially in the immunocompromised patient.

Mediastinal lymphoma has a poorer prognosis than other types, especially those with hypercalcemia.

Cats with the mediastinal form often have respiratory distress and fluid in the thoracic cavity.

In most patients, secondary involvement as a result of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes was either shown or implied.

Marked mediastinal lymphadenopathy also can be found.

Mediastinal fibrosis is a rare late complication of histoplasmosis.

Mediastinal tumors, including teratomas, are similarly concealed and protected by the rib cage.

Their efferents pass to the posterior mediastinal glands.

Some patients with mediastinal N2 lymph node involvement might benefit from post-operative radiotherapy.