gradient wind

Also was the thermal South breeze battling with the gradient wind from the North.

Below about 1000 m surface friction upsets the geostrophic and gradient winds.

As used here, the term gradient wind refers to the measured wind at approximately 500 m.

The existence of a significant Coriolis force allows the developing vortex to achieve gradient wind balance.

Example of seasonal probability distribution of mean hourly gradient wind speeds, Toronto.

Since surface winds are easily deflected, it is best to assess wind direction using the gradient wind at the mountain top level.

Geostrophic and gradient wind.

The gradient wind is similar to the geostrophic wind but also includes centrifugal force (or centripetal acceleration).

At any particular location, the gradient wind velocity depends on both the properties of typhoons established over the ocean and their subsequent modification after landfall.

S3140 Subgradient wind Wind with a speed less than the corresponding gradient wind speed.

Initial wind fields were derived from the temperature fields using the hydrostatic approximation and gradient wind balance.

C3060 Counter gradient wind Component of the wind in the direction opposite to that of the horizontal pressure gradient.

I0340 Inclination of the wind Angle between the directions of the wind and the gradient wind (blowing along the isobars) at a specific point.

Atmospheric pressure; wind forces: pressure gradient force, coriolis force, friction; geostrophic and gradient winds.

For the gradient wind to follow cyclonically curved isobars the pressure gradient force must be slightly stronger than Coriolis to provide the centripetal force.

Because of the frictional drag of the earth's surface, wind speeds at ground level are much lower than those in the unobstructed flow several hundred feet higher (gradient wind).

In the absence of actual upper-level data, the probability distribution of gradient wind speed and direction can be estimated from the Weibull model derived from the surface anemometer records.

If conditions are such that these three effects are in balance, it is referred to as gradient wind, and as the geostrophic wind if there is no isobar curvature.

This pressure is not particularly low compared to many other outbreak setups but the pressure gradient was strong which induced strong gradient winds and significant advection in the warm sector.

Dynamics and circulation: forces which drive the atmosphere, geostrophic and gradient winds, thermally driven circulations, the general circulation, air masses and fronts, vertical structure of weather systems and storms, weather radar.

In wind tunnel simulations, the wind speed corresponding approximately to the gradient wind is the free-stream speed above the simulated atmospheric boundary layer, which is usually recorded as the experimental reference speed.

As the magnitude of the Coriolis is directly dependent on wind speed it follows that the wind speed around a low is less than would be expected from the pressure gradient force and the gradient wind is sub-geostrophic.

Not all solutions of the gradient wind speed yield physically plausible results: the right-hand side as a whole needs be positive because of the definition of speed; and the quantity under square root needs to be non-negative.

For the three forces to be in equilibrium the Coriolis must exceed the pressure gradient force and consequently the gradient wind speed must be greater than would be expected from the pressure gradient force and is thus super-geostrophic.

The height above ground where surface friction has a negligible effect on wind speed is called the "gradient height" and the wind speed above this height is assumed to be a constant called the "gradient wind speed".