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This makes moist air generally less stable than dry air (see convective available potential energy).
Assessing the Vertical Distribution of Convective Available Potential Energy.
Potential buoyant energy, usually known as convective available potential energy (CAPE)
The increased water vapor increases the amount of convective available potential energy (CAPE), which can result in topographically-forced convection.
Convective available potential energy (CAPE)
In the hours prior to the tornado forming, convective available potential energy (CAPE) values of 1554 j/kg were present, indicating significant instability.
Meteorological indices such as convective available potential energy (CAPE) and the lifted index can be used to assist in determining upward vertical development of clouds.
Convective available potential energy (CAPE) is the amount of energy a parcel of air would have if lifted a certain distance vertically through the atmosphere.
Usually, temperature and dew point data from radiosondes are plotted on these diagrams to allow calculations of convective stability or Convective Available Potential Energy.
The highest risk of tornadoes was in eastern Pennsylvania where low-level wind shear and high Convective available potential energy (CAPE) values were present.
Eventually, lifted index values increased to -10, which correlated with Surface Based Convective Available Potential Energy values near 3,500 joules per kilogram.
These storms form in environments where at least some amount of Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) is present, but very low levels of wind shear and helicity.
In meteorology, instability can be described by various indices such as the Bulk Richardson Number, lifted index, K-index, convective available potential energy, the Showalter, and the Vertical totals.
This force from buoyancy can be measured by Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), or the joules of energy available per kilogram of potentially buoyant air.
Integrating buoyant energy from the LFC to the EL gives the convective available potential energy (CAPE), an estimate of the maximum energy available to convection.
This saturate can significantly increase the amount of convective available potential energy leading to deeper vertical growth and higher precipitable water levels increasing the volume of snow which can be produced by the squall.
Different combinations of convective available potential energy (CAPE) and shear can lead to identical BRN values so the same BRN can represent a myriad of convective situations.
The lifted index can be used in thunderstorm forecasting, however, convective available potential energy (CAPE) is considered by most as a superior measurement of instability and is preferred by many meteorologists for convection forecasting.