bottom quark

B-tagging, the identification of bottom quarks, is the most important example.

The heavier, charm and bottom quarks are produced there dominantly.

Identifying bottom quarks helps to identify the decays of these particles.

At higher masses, the vector mesons include charm and bottom quarks in their structure.

Although bottom quarks are not very common, they are found in particles such as B mesons, among others.

So, since the strange and bottom quarks have a negative charge, they have flavor quantum numbers equal to 1.

Bottom quarks are a heavier counterpart to the down quarks that make up most of the matter we normally experience.

Some important high-mass particles (both recently-discovered and hypothetical) decay into bottom quarks.

Hadrons containing bottom quarks have sufficient lifetime that they travel some distance before decaying.

Some of the hadrons containing bottom quarks include:

While "truth" never did catch on, accelerator complexes devoted to massive production of bottom quarks are sometimes called "beauty factories".

In practice it is enough to consider the contributions of virtual top and bottom quarks (the heaviest quarks).

The physics of bottom quarks is quite interesting; in particular, it sheds light on CP violation.

One of the gauge groups contains the top and bottom quarks, and has a sufficiently large coupling constant to cause the condensate to form.

However, the speed of the charm and the bottom quarks in their respective quarkonia is sufficiently smaller, so that relativistic effects affect these states much less.

It is the identification (or "tagging") of jets originating from bottom quarks (or b quarks, hence the name).

Therefore, CDF worked to reconstruct top events, looking specifically for evidence of bottom quarks, W bosons neutrinos.

Strange quarks also bind with the heavier charm and bottom quarks which also like to bind with each other.

In particle physics, a hyperon is any baryon containing one or more strange quarks, but no charm quarks or bottom quarks.

The Yukawa couplings of the up, down, charm, strange and bottom quarks, are small at the extremely high energy scale of grand unification, GeV.

But just after the Big Bang, two other sets of quarks also existed: the charm and strange quarks and the top and bottom quarks.

Tevatron produces neutron-like particle with strange, bottom quarks: Researchers have spotted a particle that's a composite of an up, a strange, and a bottom quark.

During the BaBar experiment (2007) it was searched for sidereal variations during Earth's rotation using B mesons (thus bottom quarks) and their antiparticles.

Bottom quarks or beauty quarks are the second most massive of the elementary particles (particles that are so small that they can not be divided any more).

What makes them different from other baryons (particles made of three quarks) is that they must have at least one strange quark, but no charm quarks or bottom quarks.