QCD vacuum

They provide the raw data which must be explained by models of the QCD vacuum.

A more recent picture of the QCD vacuum is one in which center vortices play an important role.

However, approximate models of the QCD vacuum remain useful in more restricted domains.

However, such classical solutions do not take into account non-trivial properties of QCD vacuum.

For more on the context in which this quantity occurs, see the article on the QCD vacuum.

Theoretically, in QCD vacuum multiple vacuum states can coexist.

The QCD vacuum and the gluon condensate.

Another field-theoretic vacuum is the QCD vacuum of the Standard Model.

Strictly, these models are not models of the QCD vacuum, but of physical single particle quantum states - the hadrons.

This property of the QCD vacuum is partly responsible for giving masses to hadrons (along with other condensates like the gluon condensate).

The QCD vacuum is the vacuum state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD).

The QCD vacuum breaks this symmetry to SU(N) by forming a quark condensate.

However, the non-trivial QCD vacuum effects (instantons) spoil the Peccei-Quinn symmetry explicitly and provide a small mass for the axion.

In the QCD vacuum there are vacuum condensates of all the quarks whose mass is less than the QCD scale.

What is also very important, the interactions of quark-gluon currents with QCD vacuum fields critically depend on the quantum numbers (spinparity, flavor content) of these currents.

This is a model of the QCD vacuum which at a basic level is a statement that it cannot be the conventional Fock vacuum empty of particles and fields.

In the dual superconductor picture of the QCD vacuum, chromomagnetic monopoles condense into dual Cooper pairs, causing chromoelectric flux to be squeezed into tubes.

The dilute instanton gas model departs from the supposition that the QCD vacuum consists of a gas of BPST-like instantons.

Quantum chromodynamics is the portion of the Standard Model that deals with strong interactions, and QCD vacuum is the vacuum of quantum chromodynamics.

The chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken by the QCD vacuum to the vector (L+R) SU(N) with the formation of a chiral condensate.

In 1977, George Savvidy showed that the QCD vacuum with zero field strength is unstable, and decays into a state with a calculable non vanishing value of the field.

In quantum electrodynamics this vacuum is referred to as 'QED vacuum' to separate it from the vacuum of quantum chromodynamics, denoted as QCD vacuum.

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong particle interactions, provides the best known example in nature, through its chiral symmetry breaking; also see the article on the QCD vacuum for details.

The extra energy of the quarks and gluons in a region within a proton, as compared to the rest energy of the quarks alone in the QCD vacuum, accounts for almost 99% of the mass.

Some authors refer to this reference medium as classical vacuum, a terminology intended to separate this concept from QED vacuum or QCD vacuum, where vacuum fluctuations can produce transient virtual particle densities and a relative permittivity and relative permeability that are not identically unity.