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The Ensemble Kalman Filter.
The Optimal Interpolation technique was replaced by an analysis cycle based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter.
Ensemble Kalman filters represent the probability distribution by an ensemble of simulations, and the covariance is approximated by sample covariance.
On January 12, 2005, the Optimal Interpolation Technique for the analysis cycle was replaced with the Ensemble Kalman Filter Technique.
Some new types of observations will start being used by the Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) data-assimilation system which itself will also benefit from some structural improvements.
The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) uses an ensemble of trial fields to provide four-dimensional flow-dependent statistics of the trial-field error to the assimilation procedure.
These include the Ensemble Kalman filter and the Reduced-Rank Kalman filters (RRSQRT) (see Todling and Cohn, 1994).
Two methods of data assimilation have been applied to these datasets: an Analysis Correction scheme and two Ensemble Kalman Filter schemes, both using a global circulation model of the martian atmosphere as forward model.
The research on Ensemble Kalman Filter (EKF) is very innovative and of world-class level.The Panel felt that the schedule for phasing out the Optimal Interpolation (OI) currently used in the ensemble prediction system is probably too optimistic.