valence electron

Carbon atoms have four outer or valence electrons in their next shell.

They all have 7 valence electrons and react to accept an electron to make a full shell.

Each valence electron has a "wave function" associated with it.

So, Li has a single valence electron available for bonding.

Rather the valence electrons in oxygen do not pair up like one would "expect".

Are not valence electrons those in the s and p orbitals?

The number of valence electrons determines the bonding behavior with other atoms.

The number of valence electrons is decided by the size of the atom.

Calcium (Ca) is in group 2, for it contains two valence electrons.

In it the total number of valence electrons per transition metal atom is 14.