untreated effluent

The gradual decrease in Bolivia's water quality is due to the release of untreated effluents from industries and cities.

Primary-treated TMEs had slightly less toxicity than untreated effluents.

Sectors within industry are also growing and the prevalence of untreated effluents entering waterways and aquifers has grown alongside.

Untreated effluents are directly discharged into the Damanganga and Kolak Rivers.

"There are many plants dumping practically untreated effluents containing not only human waste but also industrial and commercial waste," the judge said in her 35-page order.

Subsequently, the untreated effluents of some 2.4 m inhabitants are a major source of pollution for the Danube River basin.

Primary-treated TMEs are also harmful to aquatic organisms, though slightly less than untreated effluents.

The water quality of the lake has suffered from disposal of untreated effluents and overuse of fertilizers in the surrounding areas.

Untreated effluents can have high levels of NPEs which may exceed thresholds for chronic effects in the aquatic environment.

Almost all of these industries discharge untreated effluents into the drainage system or directly into the MR River.

Reservoirs constructed to control the highly varied flow of the river are often choked with water hyacinths due to eutrophication caused by the untreated effluents.

Even in untreated effluents, the concentration of NP1EC does not appear to be high enough to result in chronic toxicity.

A weight-of-evidence assessment of the data available for untreated TMEs indicated that untreated effluents were likely to produce significant environmental impacts.

Limited information exists to evaluate the effects of intermittent discharges of untreated effluents on water quality, and the ecological significance of these discharges.

Untreated effluents released directly into the river by industrial units and illegal sand mining in the Supa Dam area resulted in serious disturbances to the river's ecology.

Untreated effluents typically have elevated NP3-17EO concentrations and relatively high levels of NP and NP1,2EO (Table 5).

Furthermore, some sewer collection and treatment systems are combined with stormwater collection systems that can become overloaded during heavy rainfalls, resulting in the release of partially treated or even untreated effluents.

The highest mean concentration of benzene in untreated effluents released into surface water is about 80 times less than the levels found to induce adverse effects in the most sensitive aquatic species (rainbow trout) in acute studies.

Bio-Aqua technology is a tool that enables fish culturists to reduce water consumption substantially (90% of the water is recycled), eliminate discharges of untreated effluents and improve effluent quality, bringing it into line with environmental requirements.

Untreated effluents from urban wastewater (only 3% of wastewaters receive treatment) account for 20% of the problem, 40% from solid waste and industrial effluents (heavy metals are the primary culprit), and 40% from the agricultural sector.

This caters for a population of over 700 000 and will have a positive impact on the environment of the City of St Petersburg and the Gulf of Finland area by reducing the levels of untreated effluents entering the Baltic Sea.

"In many parts it is nothing less than a sewer," said Mahesh Mehta, India's most prominent environmental lawyer, whose litigation forced 60 tanneries in this city of about 2.5 million people to close in the late 1980's because they were releasing untreated effluents into the Ganges.

In Ontario, the highest concentrations of benzene in untreated effluents released into surface water were reported from the organic chemical manufacturing sector; the highest 12-month average concentration of benzene at one outfall was 65.3 µg/L (Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 1992).

Sterol contents of biologically treated as well as untreated effluents are presented. b-Sitosterol, b-sitostanol (or stigmastanol), and campesterol formed the major fraction of plant sterols in PPMEs, accounting for 70 % or more of the total phytosterol content measured.

Untreated effluents, mostly containing dyes and chemicals in high concentration, are now seen let off clandestinely once again in large quantities through storm water drains into water bodies or into open areas with the discharge mostly happening during the early morning hours or during rain.