secondary creep

The approach is valid only for a secondary creep rate and a stationary state of stress.

Key words: pile, lateral load, velocity field, secondary creep rate.

Secondary creep is considered to be a principal point on this line that predetermines the onset of failure.

The secondary creep stage, also known as the steady state, is where the strain rate is constant.

Ice in glaciers and rock glaciers will show secondary creep (Figure 2).

In 1929, Norton developed a one-dimensional dashpot model which linked the rate of secondary creep to the stress.

This study presents the solution to a simple model for deformations due to secondary creep in permafrost slopes.

Also, secondary creep rate is a transient value and cannot easily be related to the total amount of deformation or the possibility of failure.

The test data displayed classic creep behavior, with clearly identifiable primary and secondary creep observed in all specimens.

Evidence is reviewed that suggests that secondary creep in ice-rich soils may be faster than that of ice alone.

A secondary creep model is introduced that predicts the creep behavior reasonably well in fine-grained frozen soils.

The approach is valid for icy soils or ice, where secondary creep displacements will be responsible for the majority of the soil strain under sustained load.

Comparisons between the Sinh and Effective Stress equations for secondary creep rates W.J.Evans and G.F.

The initial portion of the curves represents a region of primary creep and the remaining portion represents a zone of secondary creep having a much lower rate of displacement.

The test results indicate existence of a unique relationship between the secondary creep rate, , and the time to the onset of the secondary creep stage, ts, which is dependent only on the soil type.

For plain beams, the deflection rate (during secondary creep) showed a linear relationship with applied load on a log–log scale while experimental results of beams reinforced with a single 4.76 mm diameter steel bar showed a bilinear relationship.

The lowest creep strength was found for the P92 steel subjected to a heat treatment that produced a fully ferritic microstructure; the secondary creep rate was four orders of magnitude higher than that of the steel in the usual martensitic condition.